This is a petition to institute a Diet submitted to government in 1874 by Itagaki Taisuke and 7 other persons. Eight persons including Itagaki Taisuke, Goto Shojiro, Eto Shimpei and Soejima Taneomi, who resigned from government posts at end of 1873 after being defeated in debate over whether Japan should send punitive expedition to Korea, submitted a petition establishing a popularly-elected chamber to the legislative department of Grand Council of State. Petition advocated abolition of autocracy by bureaucrats and establishing a popularly-elected chamber to promptly set a stage to debate State affairs. This petition was carried in newspapers, triggering debates as to when a parliament should be established. It greatly influenced the freedom and people’s rights movement later.